Person Page - 646

     Eleanor Jane Molesworth's birth was registered in the quarter ending in March 1862 in Eastry RD, Kent. She was the daughter of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth and Eleanor Jane Hilton. Mary, Arthur and Eleanor were listed as the children of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth in the 1871 census in the Vicarage, Todmorden, Lancashire.

     Mary and Ernest were listed as the children of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth in the 1881 census in Washington, Durham. Ernest H Molesworth was born circa 1859 in Northbourne, Kent. He was the son of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth and Eleanor Jane Hilton. Mary, Francis, John, Ernest and Arthur were listed as the children of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth in the 1861 census in Betteshanger Parsonage, Northbourne, Kent.

     Francis Hilton Molesworth's birth was registered in the quarter ending in March 1854 in Ramsgate, Thanet RD, Kent. He was the son of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth and Eleanor Jane Hilton. Mary, Francis, John, Ernest and Arthur were listed as the children of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth in the 1861 census in Betteshanger Parsonage, Northbourne, Kent.

     Hickman Molesworth was born on 23 February 1842 in Dublin, Ireland. He was the son of Robert Molesworth and Henrietta Johnston.
He was a judge. The family migrated to Victoria in 1852 and Hickman studied law at the University of Melbourne, being called to the Bar in April 1864. On 9 July 1868 he married Eliza Emily (d.1881), daughter of William Rutledge, at Warrnambool; on 15 June 1882 he married Alice Henrietta Peck at Sale. Molesworth built up a reputation defending criminal cases, and his personal popularity with juries was such that some brought in verdicts 'for Mr Molesworth'. He was appointed to the County Court bench in December 1883, becoming permanent judge of the Insolvency Court soon after.
There he fought the abuse of the insolvency system by land speculators that aggravated the depression of the 1890s. Whenever he could legitimately do so Molesworth would refuse approval of secret compositions arranged with their creditors by insolvents applying for release from sequestration. In 1895, when he refused an application from J. M. Davies for his brother's discharge, he pointed out that, as County Court judges were dependent on parliament for their salary, the application would better be made before independent judges of the Supreme Court. In the storm that followed Molesworth was reprimanded by the attorney-general but in his public reply revealed that the Crown Law Department was attempting to remove him and that a request from County Court judges in 1894 for a guarantee of freedom from political interference had received no reply. Supported by public and judiciary, Molesworth remained in his position and in 1896 was appointed special commissioner to investigate the collapse of the City of Melbourne Bank. He was chairman of the Metropolitan Licensing Court, of General Sessions and the Court of Mines, and, during 1891, an acting justice of the Supreme Court.
Known for his lively personality and optimistic and cheerful nature, he was of a mediating and tolerant disposition. Picturesque and unconventional, especially in his dress, he refused to robe for court. Even as a judge he enjoyed socializing with the Bar and showed 'palpable relief' upon being 'freed of the judicial harness' when court rose. A member of the Melbourne Club from 1872, Molesworth was a keen rider to hounds and enjoyed shooting. In 1893 he became a committee-member of the Charity Organisation Society.
In 1907 on medical advice Molesworth took leave and sailed for Queensland.
     Hickman died of cirrhosis of the liver on 18 July 1907 aged 65. On board R.M.S. Omrah on 18 July 1907, and after a service at St Columb's Church, Hawthorn, was buried in Boroondara cemetery. His wife and their three children, and four of his first marriage, survived him.

     Hickman Blayney Molesworth was born in 1773. He was the son of Robert Molesworth and Elizabeth Rose.
Hickman Blayney Molesworth married Wilhelmina Dorothea Hone in January 1806.
     Hickman Blayney Molesworth was mentioned in the will of Capt Jonas Rose dated before June 1820.
     Hickman resided at Summer Hill, Dublin, between 1823 and 1827. Miss Gertrude Molesworth (his niece) was a passenger from the Bengal Presidency, and sureties for the £200 bond dated 10 Mar 1823 were Hickman B Molesworth, Summer Hill, Dublin, Solicitor. John Inman, Little Tower Street, Merchant. In March 1827 he was also surety for Jane Molesworth, Lower Rutland Street, Dublin, widow.
     Hickman died in 1844.

     John H Molesworth was born circa 1856 in Ramsgate, Kent. He was the son of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth and Eleanor Jane Hilton. Mary, Francis, John, Ernest and Arthur were listed as the children of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth in the 1861 census in Betteshanger Parsonage, Northbourne, Kent.

     Mary and Ernest were listed as the children of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth in the 1881 census in Washington, Durham. Mary Agnes Molesworth was born circa 1853 in Ickham, Kent. She was the daughter of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth and Eleanor Jane Hilton. Mary, Francis, John, Ernest and Arthur were listed as the children of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth in the 1861 census in Betteshanger Parsonage, Northbourne, Kent. Mary, Arthur and Eleanor were listed as the children of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth in the 1871 census in the Vicarage, Todmorden, Lancashire.

     Mary Jane Sophia Molesworth was born in 1854 in St Kilda, Victoria. She was the daughter of Robert Molesworth and Henrietta Johnston.
     Mary died in 1855 in St Kilda, Victoria.

     Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth were recorded on the 1881 census in Washington, Durham. Rennell FW Molesworth 54, Rector, Frances E Molesworth 47, Mary A. Molesworth 28, Ernest H. Molesworth 22, plus family from his second marriage. He was born on 17 January 1827 in Millbrook, Hampshire. He was the son of John Edward Nassau Molesworth & Harriet MacKinnon. Rennel was an Anglican clergyman.
The marriage of Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth and Eleanor Jane Hilton, daughter of Rev John Hilton and Mary Elizabeth Denne, was registered in Thanet RD, Kent, in the June 1851 quarter.
     Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth and Eleanor Jane Hilton were recorded on the 1861 census in Betteshanger Parsonage, Northbourne, Kent. R F W Molesworth, head, 34, curate of Betteshanger, born Millicent, Hampshire; Eleanor his wife, 25, born Sarre, Kent, children Mary A 8, Francis H y, John H, 5, Ernest H 2, Arthur H, 10 months, the last two born Northbourn; Elizabeth M G Hilton, niece, 13 born Black Town, Dorset, Mary Eliz. Hilton mother in law, widow, 70. clergyman's widow, born Sarre, Kent; John W D Hilton, nephew, 15, scholar, born Southampton, Hampshire; and a housemaid. Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth was widowed on 12 March 1862 on the death of his wife Eleanor Jane Hilton.
     Rev Rennel Francis Wynn Molesworth was recorded on the 1871 census in the Vicarage, Todmorden, Lancashire. Rennell F W Molesworth, 44, vicar of Todmorden, born Millbrook, Hants: his wife Frances E, 37, born Benton, Somerset; children Mary Agnes, 18, born Ickham, Kent, Arthur H, 10, born Betteshanger, Kent, Eleanor Jane, 9 ditto, Rodney H 5, ditto, Bertha 3, born Bideford, Devonshire; Harriet Crompton, 51, visitor and Harriet M Crompton, 7, and 4 servants. The Cromptons are probably relatives of Frances.
     Rennel died on 6 January 1906 in Tonbridge RD, Kent, aged 78.

     Robert Molesworth married Elizabeth Rose, daughter of Hickman Rose and Elizabeth Pratt, before 22 May 1770 in Limerick. In Limerick, Capt Robert Molesworth of the 38th Regiment to Miss Rose.

     Robert Molesworth was born on 3 November 1806 in Dublin. He was the only son of Hickman Blayney Molesworth, solicitor, and his wife Wilhelmina Dorothea, née Hone. The family claimed descent from Sir Walter de Molesworth who accompanied Edward I to the Holy Land and was sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire in 1298-1308. Robert was descended from the first Viscount Molesworth, created in 1716. He was the son of Hickman Blayney Molesworth and Wilhelmina Dorothea Hone.
He was a Judge. In 1821 he won a scholarship to Trinity College, Dublin (B.A., 1826; M.A., 1833). Called to the Irish Bar in 1828, he joined the Munster Circuit and practised in Ireland until 1852. In 1838 he had published An Essay on the Registration of Deeds and Conveyances in Ireland, and Receivers in Chancery in Ireland. On 6 January 1840 he married Henrietta, daughter of Rev. Joseph England-Johnson.
In 1852 the Molesworths migrated to Adelaide and next year to Melbourne, where he was at once admitted to the Victorian Bar. He soon had a large practice and on 27 October 1853 was appointed acting chief justice for a term when Sir William à Beckett was ill. From 4 January 1854 he served as solicitor-general while James Croke was absent, and on 15 April was appointed a nominee in the Legislative Council. In succession to Croke he was solicitor-general under W. C. Haines from 25 November 1855 to 17 June 1856 when he became the fourth appointment to the Supreme Court bench. In March the Administration of Justice Act (19 Vic. no 13) had authorized the sittings of a single judge in the Equity, Insolvency and Ecclesiastical jurisdictions, and he discharged those duties for nearly thirty years.
Though Molesworth sometimes sat in the Criminal Court most of his work was on the Equity side. An admirable judge, he was noted for his industry, courtesy, learning and expedition; very few of his decisions were successfully challenged. His most remarkable achievement was as chief judge of the Court of Mines. In dealing with this new province he established a code of precedent which gave much satisfaction to the legal profession and the mining industry and became a guide in other Australian colonies and overseas. Apart from a short visit to New Zealand he never left the colony, and took no leave except the Court vacations. He had a strong constitution and his only sick leave was five weeks in 1881. The profession complained of his habit of sitting through the luncheon hour and of his later occasional irascibility, but appreciated his dispatch and dry humour. On 1 July 1885 he was appointed acting chief justice and sat as such until 1 May 1886 when he retired. He was given an ovation at a farewell ceremony in the Court and knighted by patent on 9 July.
Molesworth's judicial achievements were the more remarkable because of domestic unhappiness, which culminated in an extraordinary matrimonial suit in the Supreme Court from 1861 to 1864. His wife petitioned for judicial separation on the ground of cruelty, and he counter-petitioned for similar relief on the ground of her alleged adultery in 1855 with R. D. Ireland and in 1861 and 1862 with some person unknown, resulting in the birth of an illegitimate child in England. On an interlocutory application for alimony pendente lite in 1862, Mrs Molesworth was represented by G. Higinbotham.
The trial, which attracted much attention, took place before Chief Justice Stawell and a jury in November 1864. The jury absolved Molesworth (who had personally given evidence) of cruelty, and Mrs Molesworth of adultery with Ireland, but found against her on the charge of adultery with a person unknown. In December her appeal to the Full Court failed; her petition was dismissed and the judge's counter-petition succeeded. She died in 1879 aged 56. At his own request Molesworth never sat in a matrimonial case after the trial.
Molesworth had long been a prominent member of the Church of England Assembly. He lived quietly in Melbourne until he died on 18 October 1890 and was buried in the Kew cemetery. He was survived by a married daughter and two sons, Hickman who became a judge and Robert a pastoralist.
Select Bibliography
Votes and Proceedings (Legislative Assembly, Victoria), 1864-65, 2 (C2); Victoria Government Gazette 1853, 1653, 1854, 37, 182, 1599, 1855, 3125, 1856, 1019; Victorian Law Reports, Insolvency, Ecclesiastical and Matrimonial cases, 1 (1861-62), 57; Argus (Melbourne), 18-23 Nov, 15-18, 26 Dec 1864, 20 Oct 1890.
Author: Reginald R. Sholl
Print Publication Details: Reginald R. Sholl, 'Molesworth, Sir Robert (1806 - 1890)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 5, Melbourne University Press, 1974, pp 264-265.
Robert Molesworth married Henrietta Johnston.
     Robert died on 18 October 1890 in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, aged 83. He was buried at Kew.

     Eschyn de Molle of Huntlaw was born in London, England. She was the daughter of Thomas de Lundins, grand-daughter (maternal) of Uhtred de Molle and sister of Malcolm, 1st Doorward of Scotalnd. Widow of Robert le Croc, snr..
Eschyn de Molle of Huntlaw married Walter FitzAlan, son of Alan Thane of Lochaber and Adelina de Hesding of Oswestry. Wikipedia states: Walter fitz Alan was married to Eschyna de Londoniis, heiress of Uchtred de Molla (Molle) & Huntlaw (territorial designations, not then surnames) [11][12] and widow of Robert Croc. Upon Walter's death his widow married Henry de Molle,[12] whose new surname is probably taken from his wife's lands.
She and Walter had issue:
Alan fitz Walter, married firstly Eva, allegedly a daughter of Sweyn Thorsson, secondly Alesta, daughter of Morggán, Earl of Mar.
Walter fitz Walter[13]
Simon fitz Walter
Margaret fitz Walter,[13] married Robert de Montgomery of Eaglesham.
Christiana fitz Walter, married firstly William de Brus, Lord of Annandale, secondly Patrick, Earl of Dunbar..

     Anne Molloy was born before 1876.
Anne Molloy married John Handy, son of James Handy, on 27 June 1897 in RC chapel of Durrow, Kilbeggan, Tullamore Union, Westmeath. John Handy farmer of Ballyduff, son of James Handy famer, to Anne Molloy, housekeeper, of Ballydrohid, daughter of Joseph Molloy, farmer, both single of full age. Both signed in the presence of Jeremiah Handy Mary Agnes Molloy.

     Catherine Molloy was born circa 1845.
Catherine Molloy married Patrick Handy, son of Patrick Handy, on 1 May 1864 in Rahan, Offaly. In Rahan looks back by Sister Olver Wrafter, there is a photograph of Patrick Hande & Catherine Molloy, of Morrough in 1864. Their daughter Brigid married Frank Mollin, of Lynally, c. 1885..
     Administration of the estate of Patrick Handy was granted to Catherine Molloy, on 16 August 1913 in Dublin, Ireland, Administration of the estate of Patrick Handy, late of Killina, Rahan, Tullamore, Kings county, farmer who died 18 Feb 1890 were granted at Dublin to Catherine Handy, the widow. Goods under £623/10/6.

     Isabel Molton married John Arundell, son of John Arundell, before 1371. She was the daughter of Sir Thomas de Molton.

     Charles Joseph Monaghan married Mary Teresa Rubie in 1912 in Victoria, Australia.

     George Edward Monckton Arundell 6th Visc. Galway was born on 1 March 1805. He was the son of William George Monckton Arundell.
George Edward Monckton Arundell 6th Visc. Galway married Henrietta Eliza/Maria Milnes Lady Galway, daughter of Robert Pemberton Milnes and Hon Henrietta Maria Monckton, on 25 April 1838 in St George Hanover Sqare, London, Middlesex.
     George died on 6 February 1876 aged 70.

      He was the fourth Viscount Galway. His first wife Elizabeth had died in 1801 leaving several children including his heir.
He was MP for Pontefract 1780-83, for the city of York 1783-90 and for Pontefract again 1796-1802. He was Comptroller of the Household 1784-87.. Robert Monckton Arundell Visc.Galway was born on 4 July 1758.
Robert Monckton Arundell Visc.Galway married Bridget Milnes Lady Galway, daughter of Robert Pemberton Milnes and Jane Slater, on 9 May 1803. They had no issue.
     Robert died on 23 July 1810 in Serlby Hall, Bawtry, Blyth, Yorkshire, England, aged 52. He was buried in Felkirk, Yorkshire.

      He was the 5th Viscount Galway and in 1826 arranged for only the title holder to use the surname Monckton Arundell, the remainder to use Monckton only.. William George Monckton Arundell was the son of Robert Monckton Arundell Visc.Galway.
     William died in 1834.

     Hon Henrietta Maria Monckton was born circa 1785? In England. She was the second daughter of 4th Viscount Galway..
Hon Henrietta Maria Monckton married Robert Pemberton Milnes, son of Richard Slater Milnes or Rich and Rachael Busk, on 22 September 1808.
     Henrietta died on 1 May 1847 in Selby, Bawtry, Blyth, Yorkshire.

     Christian Mondell was born before 1579. Only lawful daughter of the dec'd Jonet Dunbar. She was described as daughter of Jonet's second husband William Adair in Scots peerage, but as the daughter of Mondall and married to John Adair in other sources. She was the daughter of William Mundale and Janet Dunbar.
Christian Mondell married John Adair before 1580.
Process of Adherence: Cristiane [Christian] Adair and John Adair v Alisoun [Alison] Dunbar and David Makculloch of Druchlage her spouse.

      See A Biographical Encyclopedia of Early Modern Englishwomen: Exemplary Lives ... edited by Carole Levin, Anna Riehl Bertolet, Jo Eldridge Carney for more on Dorothy. ...
In 1582, her mother in law Mary Wolverston, and 60 year grandmother in law Elizabeth Trewinnard were accused of attempting to sieze the ship Mari of San Sebastien and its cargo in Falmouth Harbur. The trio apparently planned to sell the vessel and its wares In Ireland... Only the intervention of her shuband's amily ... and by pardon of Eliz I, did dDorothy & her in laws escape riosn and perhaps death.. Dorothy Monk may have also been born. Dorothy, the daughter of John Howe & Elizabeth nee Pokeswell (whose father died in 1537), is described as the wife of John Killigrew in 'Stogursey: Manors', A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 6: Andersfield, Cannington, and North Petherton Hundreds (Bridgwater and neighbouring parishes) (1992), pp. 137-145. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=18607&strquery=dorothy killigrew* Date accessed: 12 March 2012. The text footnote cites: PRO/TNA CP 25(2)/206/32 Eliz. I East; Hutchins, Hist. Dors. i. 112. She was born between 1564 and 1570 in Potheridge, Merton, Devon. She was the daughter of Thomas Monk of Poderidge, Devon according to the memorial inscription erected by her son at Budock in 1617.
They came from North Devon, her tomb is at North Petherwin church, the home of her daughter's husband Yeo. [Joyce Hicks Oct 1991].
However she would seem to have been considerably older than her famous brothers, having a child born in 1600, even if the elder children in this family were not by her. She had at least 4 sisters & 6 brothers.
She is possibly the Mrs Dorothy Killigrew listed in Stithians 1660-64 hearth tax with 1 hearth "ex now Nich Polsew"?. She was the daughter of Sir Thomas Monk and Elizabeth Smith.
Dorothy Monk married John Killigrew, son of Sir John Killigrew and Mary Wolverston, in late 1578.
Petition to the lord Treasurer by Dorothy, wife of John Kylligrewe of Arwenneck, that her husband's lands, extended for a debt to the Queen, may be leased to Robert Balthroppe, chief surgeon to the Queen, to satisfy Kylligrewe's debt to him; 19 June 1590.
     Dorothy Monk and John Killigrew were mentioned in a deed dated 7 June 1596. 7 June 1596 Final Concord. Hugh Michell, querant, and Jn. Killigrew Esq., and w. Dorothy, deforciants.
In 1601 while her husband was in prison for debt, Dorothy Killigrew complained to the Privy Council that Sir Nicholas Parker, captain of Pendennis Castle, had cut down their woods.. Dorothy Monk and Odelia Killigrew were beneficiaries in Sir John Killigrew's will proved 29 May 1633 in Exeter, Devon.
     Dorothy was buried on 2 April 1654 in North Petherwin, Cornwall.

     Frances Monk was christened on 24 May 1612 in Merton, Devon. She was the daughter of Sir Thomas Monk and Elizabeth Smith.

      George Monk, duke of Albemarle, a distinguished military commander, and the great promoter of the restoration of Charles II., was the son of Sir Thomas Monk, of Potheridge, near Torrington, in Devonshire, and was born in 1608. Being a younger son, he entered the army as a volunteer, served under his relation Sir Richard Grenville, in an expedition to Spain, and afterwards for some years in the Netherlands. On the breaking out of the war between Charles I and the Scots in 1639, he obtained a colonel's commission, and attended the king in both his expeditions to the north. When the Irish rebellion began in 1641, his services were so important, that the Lords Justices appointed him governor of Dublin.

On his return to England he was sent to relieve Nantwich, was taken prisoner by the army of the parliament, and sent to the Tower, where he remained till 1646. The royal cause being ruined, he obtained his liberty on condition of taking a command in Ireland, and soon concluded a peace with the rebels, for which the parliament passed upon him a vote of censure. Cromwell, however, made him lieutenant general, and gave him the chief command in Scotland. Monk distinguished himself at the battle of Dunbar, and afterwards in the war with the Dutch, for his successes in which he received great honours.

He resumed his command in Scotland. But the Protector had strong suspicions of Monk's sincerity; and not long before his death wrote him a letter, to which he added this postscript 'There be that toll me that there is a certain cunning fellow in Scotland, called George Monk, who is said to lie in wait there to introduce Charles Stuart; I pray you use your diligence to apprehend him and send him up to me. On the decease of the Protector, the resignation of power by his son, and the contest of parties which subsequently took place, Monk availed himself of the commanding situation which he occupied, to crush the republicans, and promote the recall and restoration of the Stuart family to the throne, in the person of Charles II.      
George Monk Duke of Albemarle was b. 6 Dec. 1608, 4th but 2nd surv. s. of Sir Thomas Monck^† (d.1629) of Potheridge by Elizabeth, da. of Sir George Smyth^†. of Heavitree, Devon. m. 23 Jan. 1653, Anne (d. 29 Jan. 1670), da. of John Clarges, farrier, of Drury Lane, Westminster, presumed wid. of Thomas Radford, milliner, of the New Exchange, Strand, Westminster, 2s. (1 d.v.p.) suc. bro. Thomas c.1647; KG 26 May 1660; cr. Duke of Albemarle 7 July 1660.
George Monck 1608-1670: Professional soldier who fought for both sides during the Civil Wars. He attained high office under Cromwell's Protectorate, then gained a dukedom by securing the Restoration of Charles II. He was born in the village of Potheridge near Torrington, Devon, the second son of an impoverished landowner. Aged 16 he beat up the Under-Sheriff of Devonshire who had arrested his father for debt, despite having accepted a bribe to postpone the arrest. Before he could be charged with assault, Monck joined the Duke of Buckingham's 1625 expedition to Cadiz and left the country. Two years later, he served on Buckingham's expedition to the Ile de Rhé. Monck distinguished himself by carrying a despatch from Buckingham to King Charles in England, sailing right under the guns of the French fleet off the Ile de Rhé.
In 1629 he joined the English volunteers fighting for the Prince of Orange against the Spanish in the Thirty Years' War. After nine years' service, he had risen to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. He returned to England and joined King Charles' army in the second Bishops' War 1640. He fought at the battle of Newburn where his regiment was one of the few in the English army not to flee from the Scots. Monck saved the King's artillery and retreated with his men in good order to Newcastle.
On the outbreak of the Irish Uprising 1641, Monck fought for the King under the Earl of Ormond against the Irish Confederates. As colonel of Lord Leicester's regiment he gained a reputation for great energy and ruthlessness.
In 1643, John Pym wrote secretly to Monck, inviting him to join the Parliamentarian army. Ormond found out about the letter, arrested Monck and sent him in custody to England. At a personal audience with King Charles, Monck convinced the King of his loyalty and rejoined the Royalist forces that had come over from Ireland at the siege of Nantwich. When Sir Thomas Fairfax relieved Nantwich and defeated the Anglo-Irish Royalists in January 1644, Monck was taken prisoner. One of the few who refused to change sides, he was imprisoned in the Tower of London where he remained until the end of the first Civil War. During his imprisonment Monck met his future wife, Anne Clarges, who was reputedly working as a seamstress. They married in 1653. Monck also wrote his book Observations upon Political and Military Affairs which was published posthumously in 1671.
Upon his release from the Tower in November 1646, Monck took the Covenant and was appointed commander of Parliament's forces in Ireland, where he was confronted both by Ormond's Anglo-Irish Cavaliers and the Irish Confederates under Owen Roe O'Neill. He fought a successful defensive campaign against Ormond and O'Neill but his situation worsened after the execution of King Charles in 1649 when the Ulster Presbyterians rose in support of Charles II. When Ormond made peace with the Confederates, Monck feared that Ormond and O'Neill would join forces against him, so he signed a three-month armistice with O'Neill. The English government repudiated the armistice and Monck was summoned to London. He received a public reprimand from the Rump Parliament, but was exonerated from all accusations of disloyalty to the Commonwealth.
In 1650, Monck commanded a regiment under Cromwell in Scotland. He commanded the infantry at the battle of Dunbar and was appointed commander-in-chief in Scotland when Cromwell marched south against Charles II and the Covenanters in 1651. He continued the war against the Royalists and Covenaters in Scotland, capturing Stirling, Aberdeen and Dundee, where his troops looted the town and slaughtered 500 civilians.
In December 1652, Monck joined Blake and Deane as an admiral, or "General-at-Sea" in the first Anglo-Dutch War, playing a decisive role in the naval campaign of 1653. After Deane was killed at the battle of North Foreland and Blake was forced to return to England to recover from his wounds, Monck took command of the English warfleet, imposing a total blockade on Dutch ports. When the Dutch attempted to break the blockade in July 1653, Monck was victorious at the battle of Scheveningen, during which the Dutch admiral Maarten Tromp was killed.
Monck returned to Scotland in 1654 where he supressed the Earl of Glencairn's Royalist uprising and a Leveller conspiracy in his own army headed by his second-in-command, Colonel Robert Overton. This gave Monck an excuse for purging his army of all Anabaptists, Fifth Monarchists, and other "enthusiasts". Monck remained military commander in Scotland for the next five years. Despite rumours of his involvement in various Royalist conspiracies, Monck remained on friendly personal terms with Cromwell and unswervingly loyal to the Protectorate.
When Cromwell died in 1659, Monck declared his allegiance to his successor Richard Cromwell. He took no action in Scotland when Fleetwood and Desborough overthrew the Protector, or a few weeks later when Lambert and the republicans re-established the Rump. Representatives of Charles II made approaches to him in the summer of 1659, but Monck refused to commit himself. Finally in October 1659, he issued a declaration of support for the Rump after Sir Arthur Haselrig appealed to Army leaders to support Parliament against Lambert.
Lambert marched north against Monck, who played for time. When Lambert's army reached Newcastle, Monck entered into protracted negotiations with him. Faced with severe weather conditions, Lambert's army began to desert. Meanwhile the republicans in London restored the Rump and Lambert was forced to return south. Monck finally marched for London on 1 January 1660, arriving on 3 February. Even then, his intentions remained unclear until 1 May when he recommended that Parliament should invite Charles II to return. When the King landed at Dover on 25 May, Monck was the first to greet him as he came ashore.
Amongst other honours for his part in the Restoration, Monck was appointed Captain-General of the Army and created Duke of Albemarle. He played an active naval role in the second Dutch War 1665-7 but generally kept out of politics. He died on 3 January 1670, receiving a state funeral at the King's expense and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
generalmonck.com includes C.H. Firth's biography of Monck and excerpts from Monck's book Observations Upon Political and Military Affairs. George Monk Duke of Albemarle was also known as Monck in records. He was born on 8 December 1608 in Potheridge, Merton, Devon. He was described as the second son. He was the son of Sir Thomas Monk and Elizabeth Smith.
     George was educated. By his grandfather Sir George Smith with whom he almost entirely resided. He was mentioned in a deed dated 22 April 1616. 22 April 1616: Reversionary Lease for 99 years, 14 James I. - (1) John Chappell, Thomas Pope the elder, Valentyne Tedbury, Thomas Pope the younger, Humfry Cade, Robert Downe, Thomas Russell the elder, Willyam Hawkes the elder, Thomas Bennett and Marrys Oldon, feoffees of the parish lands of St Paul in Exeter.
(2) Sir George Smyth of Maydworthie, Knt.
2 messuages, curtilages, a stable and garden in the parish of St. Paul, Exeter.
Lives: George Monck, the son of Sir Thomas Monck, Knt. and John Smyth, the son of Sir Nicholas Smythe, Knt
Consideration: £10; Rent: 40s.
9 seals of which 2 are broken.
In reversion of Sir Nicholas Smyth, Knt (son of Sir George Smyth) and Dame Elizabeth, wife of Sir Thomas Monck and daughter of Sir Nicholas Smyth.
George Monk Duke of Albemarle married Anne Clarges (Radford or Redford) on 23 January 1652/53 in St George's, Southwark, Surrey, England.
     George died sitting in his chair at his country seat on 3 January 1669/70 in Newhall, Essex, aged 61. He was buried on 29 April 1670 in Westminster Abbey, London. The Duke of Albemarle was laid in his vault Apr 29: his funerals were solemnized April 30. Footnote: George Monk, second son of Sir Thomas Monk, Kt, by Elizabeth daughter of Sir George Smith. He was born at Potheridge, co. Devon 6 Dec 1608, and for his well known services was created Duke of Albemarle 7 July 1660. He died the preceeding January. His will, dated 8 June 1665, was proved 3 January 1607/8, the very day of his death.

     Mary Ann Monk was born in 1864 in Surrey, England.
     Mary Ann Monk arrived per "Bebar" on 21 December 1883 at Adelaide, South Australia.
Mary Ann Monk married Richard Henry Ruby, son of Henry Ruby and Susanna May, on 1 November 1884 in Port Adelaide, South Australia.
     Mary died on 5 November 1935 in Northfield, South Australia.

     Nicholas Monk Bishop of Hereford was born circa 1609 in Potheridge, Merton, Devon. Nicholas Moncke, third son of Sir Thomas Monk, of Potheridge, co. Devon, Kt, by Elizabeth, daughter of Sir George Smith. He appears to have been a quiet country clergyman, until the influence of his brother, the Duke of Albemarle, secured his rapid advancement. He became Provost of Eton College in June 1660, and on the 1st of August in that year was created D.D. at Oxford, by royal command. He was elected Bishop of Hereford 1 Dec. following, and was consecrated 31 Janaury 1660/1. His will, dated the day before his death, was proved 13 March 1661/2, by his relict Susannah, who was daughter of Thomas Payne, of Plymtree, Devon, Esq. by whom he left only two daughters, Mary & Elizabeth. A monument was erected in the Abbey to his memory, in 1723, by his grandson, Christopher Rawlinson, of Cork, co. Lancaster, Esq.]I]. He was the son of Sir Thomas Monk and Elizabeth Smith.
     Nicholas died at his lodgings in the Old Palace on 17 December 1661 in Soho, Westminster. He was buried on 20 December 1661 in Westminster Abbey, London.

     Thomas Monk was christened on 9 April 1607 in Merton, Devon. He was the son of Sir Thomas Monk and Elizabeth Smith.

     Sir Thomas Monk was born say 1550. He was described as the ancestor of General Monck, Duke of Albemarle. The hisory of Parliament states his life span as: (1570-1627).
Sir Thomas Monk married Elizabeth Smith, daughter of Sir George Smith, on 17 June 1601 in Merton, Devon. A Margerty Moncke married Thomas Wollicom there the same year.
     Sir Thomas Monk was mentioned in a deed dated 22 April 1616. 22 April 1616: Reversionary Lease for 99 years, 14 James I. - (1) John Chappell, Thomas Pope the elder, Valentyne Tedbury, Thomas Pope the younger, Humfry Cade, Robert Downe, Thomas Russell the elder, Willyam Hawkes the elder, Thomas Bennett and Marrys Oldon, feoffees of the parish lands of St Paul in Exeter.
(2) Sir George Smyth of Maydworthie, Knt.
2 messuages, curtilages, a stable and garden in the parish of St. Paul, Exeter.
Lives: George Monck, the son of Sir Thomas Monck, Knt. and John Smyth, the son of Sir Nicholas Smythe, Knt
Consideration: £10; Rent: 40s.
9 seals of which 2 are broken.
In reversion of Sir Nicholas Smyth, Knt (son of Sir George Smyth) and Dame Elizabeth, wife of Sir Thomas Monck and daughter of Sir Nicholas Smyth.
     Thomas died in 1629 in Potheridge, Merton, Devon.

     Dorothy Monkhouse was born in Bloan, Westmorland, England. She was described as "a most excellent & clever woman who brought her husband a pretty fortune".
Dorothy Monkhouse married Thomas Bowker, son of Thomas Bowker and (?) Brabbin, on 16 July 1754 in Kirkby Stephen, Westmorland.
     Dorothy died in 1810. At Whatton, near Morpeth, Dorothy, relict of Thos. Bowker, esq. of Deckham's-hall.