Person Page - 278

     John Cutting was born before 1625.
He was possibly the Mr John Cutting, master of the ship "The Francis" in April 1634 carrying passengers from Ipswich to New England; or more likely a son of same.
John Cutting married Mary Unknown (Cutting) circa 1644.
     John Cutting made a will dated 27 December 1662 in Barbados. Will of John Cuttings, 27 Dec 1662 ,mentions his daughters Avis Ctutting, Mary Cutting, Ann Cutting, Elizabeth Cutting, Katherine Curting & Frances Cutting, all at 19; son John Cutting & Henry Cutting both at 21; wife Mary Cutting & daughter Avis execurtors; grand daughter Mary Moreheade, daughter Susanna Morehead; friends Ensign Thomas Lettice, Thomas (x) Deyne, Hugb Catrall.

     John died before 20 January 1663 in Barbados.
     His will was proved on 20 January 1662/63 at Barbados.

      Possibly the John Cutting, aged 34 who witnessed Thomas Lewis will in 1690.

In the 1715 census of Barbados his children Henry aged 21, Elizabeth aged 17
and Edward aged 19 were living together in Christ Church parish.
. John Cutting was born before 1662 in Barbados. He was the son of John Cutting and Mary Unknown (Cutting).
John Cutting married Ann Homes on 15 April 1683 in Christ Church, Barbados.
     John Cutting was mentioned in the will of Henry Cutting dated 3 April 1693.

     John Cutting was christened on 2 February 1685/86 in Christ Church, Barbados. He was the son of John Cutting and Ann Homes.
     In Ann Homes's will dated 3 November 1712 in Barbados, John Cutting was named as heir.
     John Cutting made a will dated 10 December 1712 in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Will of John Cutting, Gent., now residing in Boston New England, Christ Church parish, mentions friend Mary Needham of Boston, co. Suffolk in New England widow, exec., my estae is in the hands of uncle John Homes and nephew John Homes both of Barbados, Roger Earl of Boston cordwainer; my mother Ann Cutting of Barbados; my brothers and sisters: Herny Cutting, Edward Cutting, Sarah Cutting, Mary Crichton, and Eliza Cutting. Signed (x) John Cutting.

Memo p.154. Isaac Addington Esq. commissioned by Joseph Dudley Esq. Gov. of the Province of Mass. Bay in New England, at Boston, co. Suffolk. The will of John Cutting late of Christ Church in Barbados deced approved and rights are committed to Mary Needham of Boston, widow his Xtrx, signed 12 Jan 1712 Boston... Proved 28 Feb 1712 Barbados, PCC proceedings 25 Oct 1712.
     John died after 10 December 1712 in Boston, Suffolk county, Massachusetts, USA.
     His will was proved on 28 February 1712/13.

     John Cutting was christened on 5 November 1690 in Christ Church, Barbados. He was the son of Henry Cutting and Margery or Mary Lewis.
     John died before 1692.

     Joseph Cutting was born circa 1867 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Joseph Cutting married Ellen Sergeant Ruby, daughter of Henry Sarjent Ruby and Sarah Ann Walling, on 20 February 1890 in Aurora, King township, York County, Ontario.
     Joseph Cutting and Ellen Sergeant Ruby were listed in the 1901 census in King township, York District, Ontario. Jos Cutting, head, born 19 July 1869, Ontario, 32, Methodist; his wife Ellen S 31, born 31 April 1869 England, arrived 1871, Methodist, children Ethel F born 1 Dec 1890. aged 10, Ruby L, born 29 Aug 1892, 8, Garnett R,17 July 1894, 6, David E. 9 Sep 1895, 5, William M, 26 Dec 1896, 4, Herbert C, 5 April 1899 1, plus boarders Edward Owens 25 and John King 21.
     Joseph Cutting was listed in the 1911 census in King township, York North, Ontario. Joseph Cutting, head, born July 1868, Ontario, 43, Methodist, farmer; his wife Helen 42, born April 1869, Methodist, children Ethel born Dec 1890. aged 20, Ruby, born Aug 1893, 18, Garnett July 1895, 16, Elmer Sep 1896, 15, William Dec 1898, 14, Herbat, April 1899 12, Geraldine June 1901, 10, George April 1903, 8, Lenore Dec 1906, 5, all born in Ontario.

     Lewis Cutting was christened on 2 October 1687 in Christ Church, Barbados. He was the son of Henry Cutting and Margery or Mary Lewis.
     Lewis Cutting was recorded in 1715 census in Christ Church, Barbados. Lewis, aged 28 with his son Henry aged 7.
Lewis Cutting married Elizabeth Chase, daughter of Stephen Chase and Elizabeth Unknown (Chase), in 1716 in Christ Church, Barbados.

     Mary Cutting was christened on 24 February 1647/48 in Christ Church, Barbados. She was the daughter of John Cutting and Mary Unknown (Cutting).

     Mary Cutting was christened on 27 September 1711 in Christ Church, Barbados. She was the daughter of John Cutting and Elizabeth Chase. Mary and Ann was listed as a child of John Cutting in the in 1715 census in St George's, Barbados.

     Pearl Irene Cutting was born on 2 May 1900 in York County, Ontario. She was the daughter of Joseph Cutting and Ellen Sergeant Ruby.
     Pearl died of cholera on 24 October 1900 in King township, York county, Ontario.

     Ruby L Cutting was born on 29 August 1892 in King township, York county, Ontario. She was the daughter of Joseph Cutting and Ellen Sergeant Ruby. Ruby L Cutting was listed on the 1901 census with Joseph Cutting and Ellen Sergeant Ruby in March 1901 in King township, York District, Ontario; Jos Cutting, head, born 19 July 1869, Ontario, 32, Methodist; his wife Ellen S 31, born 31 April 1869 England, arrived 1871, Methodist, children Ethel F born 1 Dec 1890. aged 10, Ruby L, born 29 Aug 1892, 8, Garnett R,17 July 1894, 6, David E. 9 Sep 1895, 5, William M, 26 Dec 1896, 4, Herbert C, 5 April 1899 1, plus boarders Edward Owens 25 and John King 21. Ruby L Cutting was listed on the 1911 census with Joseph Cutting in June 1911 in King township, York North, Ontario; Joseph Cutting, head, born July 1868, Ontario, 43, Methodist, farmer; his wife Helen 42, born April 1869, Methodist, children Ethel born Dec 1890. aged 20, Ruby, born Aug 1893, 18, Garnett July 1895, 16, Elmer Sep 1896, 15, William Dec 1898, 14, Herbat, April 1899 12, Geraldine June 1901, 10, George April 1903, 8, Lenore Dec 1906, 5, all born in Ontario.

     Sarah Cutting was christened on 30 June 1687 in Christ Church, Barbados. She was the daughter of John Cutting and Ann Homes.

     Sarah Cutting was born circa 1690.
Sarah Cutting married John Seaton, son of John Seaton and Elizabeth Major, on 31 July 1711 in St Mary, Woolpit, Suffolk.
     Sarah died before 27 June 1725 in Haughley, Suffolk. She was buried on 27 June 1725 in Haughley.

     Susanna Cutting was christened in March 1727/28 in Christ Church, Barbados. She was the daughter of John Cutting and Elizabeth Chase.
Susanna Cutting married Edward Ashby, son of Thomas Ashby and Susannah Moore, on 30 June 1740 in Christ Church, Barbados.
     Susanna died before 2 September 1780 in St Michael, Bridgetown, Barbados. She was buried on 2 September 1780 in St Michael, Bridgetown Barbados.

     Susanna Cutting was born before 1645. She was the daughter of John Cutting and Mary Unknown (Cutting).
Susanna Cutting married Richard Morehead on 24 May 1660 in Christ Church, Barbados. They had issue..

     William Cutting was born on 26 December 1896 in York County, Ontario. He was the son of Joseph Cutting and Ellen Sergeant Ruby. William Cutting was listed on the 1901 census with Joseph Cutting and Ellen Sergeant Ruby in March 1901 in King township, York District, Ontario; Jos Cutting, head, born 19 July 1869, Ontario, 32, Methodist; his wife Ellen S 31, born 31 April 1869 England, arrived 1871, Methodist, children Ethel F born 1 Dec 1890. aged 10, Ruby L, born 29 Aug 1892, 8, Garnett R,17 July 1894, 6, David E. 9 Sep 1895, 5, William M, 26 Dec 1896, 4, Herbert C, 5 April 1899 1, plus boarders Edward Owens 25 and John King 21. William Cutting was listed on the 1911 census with Joseph Cutting in June 1911 in King township, York North, Ontario; Joseph Cutting, head, born July 1868, Ontario, 43, Methodist, farmer; his wife Helen 42, born April 1869, Methodist, children Ethel born Dec 1890. aged 20, Ruby, born Aug 1893, 18, Garnett July 1895, 16, Elmer Sep 1896, 15, William Dec 1898, 14, Herbat, April 1899 12, Geraldine June 1901, 10, George April 1903, 8, Lenore Dec 1906, 5, all born in Ontario.

     Mary Cutting? was born circa 1690 in Barbados. She was the daughter of John Cutting and Ann Homes.
Mary Cutting? married Henry Crichlow on 10 July 1709 in Christ Church, Barbados.

     Esyllt ferch Cynan Dindaethwy married Merfyn Frych ap Gwriad, son of Gwriad ab Elidir (?) and Nest ferch Cadell ap Brochwel. Esyllt ferch Cynan Dindaethwy was born before 816 in Wales. She was the daughter of Cynan Dindaethwy ap Rhodri.

     Tandreg Ddu ferch Cynan Garwyn married Cadfan ap Iago, son of Iago ap Beli (?). Tandreg Ddu ferch Cynan Garwyn was born in Wales. She was the daughter of Cynan Garwyn Brochwel.

     Gruffydd ap Cynan King of Gwynedd was born circa 1055 in Ireland. He was the eldest son of the exiled Cynan by Ragnhildr daughter of King Olaf of Dublin. He was the son of Cynan ab Iago and Ragnhildr or Rhanullt ferch Olaf of Dublin.
After several ineffectual endeavours to reinstate himself in his dominions which had been usurped by Trahaern ap Caradoc (Prince of Powys), formed an alliance in 1079 with Rhys ap Tewdwr, Prince of North Wales, for the vindication of the rightful succession. The two princes met Trahaern on the mountain of Carno, in 1081 where an action ensued, which teminated in the defeat and death of the usurper, and the restoration of Griffith and Rhys. He bore as his ensignes, gules 3 lions passant , in pale, argent, armed azure. He died 1136 at the age of 82, and was buried on the south side of the great altar in the cathedral of Bangor, having reigned 57 years. This monarch married Angharad, daughter of Owen ap Edwin, Lord of Tegaingl (see Burke's Landed Gentry Owen of Bettws). Henry I led an expedition against him in 1114 and Gruffydd was obliged to agree to a peace.

The power of Gwynedd was shattered in 1063 when the Saxon earl Harold (later king Harold I), drove his army into north Wales and defeated Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, the last high king of Wales, a defeat which resulted in Llywelyn's death. Gryffydd ap Cynan was still a boy living with his mother in Ireland, and it's likely his father Cynan was also a casualty of the 1063 war. In the chaos that followed the death of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, the Normans made deep advances into north Wales from their base at Chester, building a impressive new motte-and-bailey castle on (or near) the traditional Welsh stronghold at Rhuddlan.
In the later 11th century Gruffydd ap Cynan returned from Ireland but had little initial success in asserting his claims to Gwynedd. He was, in fact, imprisoned for a short time. By the early 12th century, however, he had patiently regained much of the territory of ancient Gwynedd, claiming it for the house of Aberffraw, and he was later able to claim additional land below the Conwy. By the time of his death in 1137 he also controlled the western territory of Ceredigion.
He was the only Welsh ruler to have part of his reign recorded by a contemporary, yet there is debate about the true extent of his power, therefore his importance in Welsh history. Walker (1990) states that 'Gruffydd ap Cynan achieved much by patient and steady progress rather than by heroic measures and major advances, but he was a man of wide influence'. His deeds were certainly overshadowed by his more famous son, Owain Gwynedd, yet during Gruffydd's reign the Normans saw a drastic reversal of fortunes in north Wales, aided by a (rare) smooth transfer of power from Gruffydd to his son Owain.
The first two decades of Gruffydd's reign were a period of relative peace, during which the literary arts were allowed to flourish after decades of warfare between Norman and Welsh. A similar pattern emerged in south Wales under the leadership of Rhys ap Gruffydd of Deheubarth. Free from the constant warfare that had crippled Wales for so many years, the reigns of Gruffydd ap Cynan and his son Owain Gwynedd, were and are viewed by many as a kind of "Golden Age" for north Wales, lasting until the death of Owain Gwynwdd in 1170, and in south Wales until the death of Rhys ap Gruffydd (the Lord Rhys) in 1197.
Gruffydd ap Cynan King of Gwynedd married Angharad ferch Owain ab Edwin, daughter of Owain ab Edwin and Morwyl ferch Ednywain Bendew, circa 1095.
     Gruffydd died in 1137 in Wales. He was aged 82. He regined from 1081. He was buried in Bangor cathedral, Caernarvonshire, Wales. Buried in a vault at the left side of the great altar in the (Cathedral) church.

     Cynwrig ap Cynddelw Gam was the son of Cynddelw Gam ab Elgudy.

     Enynny ferch Cynfarch was the daughter of Cynfarch Oer ap Meirchion Gul and Nyfain ferch Brychan.
Enynny ferch Cynfarch married Tewdrig Fendigaid (the Blessed), son of Teithfallt ap Teithrin, (?),, in Wales.

     Urien Rheged ap Cynfarch was born in Wales. He was the son of Cynfarch Oer ap Meirchion Gul and Nyfain ferch Brychan.

      Http://www.ancientwalesstudies.org/id148.html states: Bleddyn was the Powys man, son of an interim king and half-brother of King Gruffudd ap Llewelyn, who "took the sovereignty of the land of Powys from the lineage of Brochwel Ysgithrog, which was contrary to right". It was the male descendents of Bleddyn who became the Second Royal Dynasty of Powys; he himself had descended from the noble, but non-royal, family headed by Cassanauth Wledig of the 5th century.

Most authorities agree that Bleddyn had children by 3 different ladies, but identify only two of them. Haer ferch Blaidd Rhudd [1] is cited as the mother of Maredudd ap Bleddyn, while a daughter of Brochwel y Moelwyn [2] was the mother of Iorwerth ap Bleddyn. Some medieval writers assumed Maredudd was the eldest son since the Powys kingship was continued through his descendants for over 150 years.

Among the papers of Welsh Herald Lewis Dwnn was an old book called Llyfr Achau (literally "genealogy book") of unknown date and authorship. It was included by the editor of his pedigree collection which was published in two volumes in 1866, and forms the first 64 pages of volume ii. On page 10 is a section called "Plant Bleddyn" which reads:

Maredudd o Haer ferch Gyllyn [3]

Llywarch )
Cadwgan ) o wraig arall

Madog )
Rhiryd ) o wraig arall

Iorwerth o'r pedwyrydd wraig

In fact, Maredudd was the youngest son who did not become king until after all his brothers were dead. The 4 sons shown by a "second wife" were actually by Bleddyn's first wife, and Iorwerth was not by a "third wife" but by a mistress. So who was his first wife and why has her identity been lost to history?

We can't answer either question by reference to ancient sources, but our analysis of recorded events and other cited marriages during his era leads us to believe she was a Deheubarth lady, the unmentioned daughter of Hywel ap Edwin ap Einion. This Hywel was king of Deheubarth when Gruffudd ap Llewelyn rose to power in 1039 as the king of Powys. Gruffudd invaded Deheubarth in 1039 and again in 1041, seeking to oust Hywel and take the kingdom once held by both his mother's father and his own father. While he was not fully successful until he finally killed Hywel in 1044, he did manage to capture Hywel's wife in the 1041 expedition. Elsewhere, we identified that lady as Ealdgyth, daughter of Earl Leofrig of Mercia. [4]

Hywel apparently had no sons; when Gruffudd was killed in 1063, it was the sons of Hywel's brother Owain who became the new kings of Deheubarth. [5] Hywel was born c. 1005 and first came to power in 1033 [6]; he probably married shortly afterward. To assume that he and Ealdgyth had birthed no children at all for the 7/8 years they were married is to suggest one of them was sterile. One of the highest priorities of a Welsh king was to marry and father a son to carry on his dynasty. Lifetimes of 11th century Welsh kings were often short, so they wasted no time getting about the production of heirs. One would think that if a wife had not produced ANY child within 4/5 years, the king would put her aside and find a lady who could do so. However, if his wife had proven fruitful by delivering one or more daughters, he might continue trying for a son a bit longer. We suggest Ealdgyth had given Hywel at least one daughter, who was yet a toddler in 1041 and seldom out of her mother's sight. In this case, she would have kept the child with her when Gruffudd captured her and took her home to his manor at Rhuddlan. And if she'd had more than one daughter, the oldest would scarcely be past age 7; all would have been at their mother's side when she was captured.

We posited elsewhere that Gruffudd took Ealdgyth, not as a wife or mistress, but as a hostage. [7] Her father was a powerful man in Mercia, the English earldom which bordered Powys, and had previously sent his brother to assist Ealdgyth's husband in his 1039 battle with Gruffudd. [8] By holding Leofrig's daughter (and her babies) as his hostages, housing them in his manor as honored guests, with all the respect and honor due a lady of her breeding, Gruffudd might expect to greatly reduce the chances that Mercia would interfere militarily with his plans to rule all Wales, by force when required.

We would further suggest that when the youngest daughter reached puberty (about 1052/53) and was eligible to take a husband, that Gruffudd sent Ealdgyth home to her father as he had previously assured Leofrig he would do. It was, we say, during this period when Gruffudd first met Aelfgar, the eldest son of Leofrig. In 1055, Aelfgar was outlawed when false charges were brought against him by the Godwin clan. Aelfgar had fled to Ireland, gathered some mercenaries and landed in Wales to seek assistance from Gruffudd. Had he and Gruffudd been strangers before that landing, we doubt his entourage could have come ashore without a fight.

We also suggest that the daughter of Ealdgyth who turned 14 in 1052 was given by Gruffudd to his youngest half-brother, Bleddyn ap Cynfyn, as his wife. It is also possible that another daughter, perhaps a year or two older, was earlier given as wife to Gruffudd's other half-brother, Rhiwallon ap Cynfyn. [9]

Between 1053 and 1060, we think Bleddyn had 4 sons and 2 daughters by this half-Welsh, half Saxon lady. The sons were Llywarch, Cadwgan, Madog and Rhiryd while the daughters were Gwenllian and Denys. We believe this wife died before 1064, and Bleddyn then married Haer, who bore him Maredudd and a daughter, Hunydd. Perhaps between the time he was widowed and when he remarried, Bleddyn had Iorwerth by a willing mistress. [10]

It may have been the mixed ancestry of his first wife which caused early writers to avoid identifying her, or even purge those sources which did. The matriarch of the Second Powys Dynasty, one might argue, simply had to be of pure Welsh blood; evidence to the contrary would not be welcomed.

We present this chart showing our identification of Bleddyn's first wife:

Einion 940
l
990 Earl Leofrig Edwin 975
________l______ l
l l l
1017 Aelfgar 1020 Ealdgyth===Hywel 1005 Cynfyn 985
l l
1038 daughter=========Bleddyn 1025
_________________________________l___________
l l l l l l
Madog Rhiryd Cadwgan Llywarch Gwenllian Denys
1053 1054 1055 1058 1057 1056

Madog and Rhiryd were killed in 1088 during a raid into Deheubarth. Llywarch married but no children or obit date are known. Cadwgan ruled Powys until his death in 1111. Gwenllian married Caradog ap Gruffudd of lower Gwent, while Denys married Iestyn ap Gwrgan of Glamorgan.

One final reason for believing that Bleddyn ap Cynfyn had married a Deheubarth princess is found in his obit. In 1075, he was murdered by Rhys ap Owain ap Edwin. He did not fall in battle, but according to his obit, his death was accomplished by guile and treachery. We suggest he laid claim to rule in Deheubarth and arranged a meeting with Rhys ap Owain to discuss the matter, who agreed to receive him in peace. But without warning, Rhys killed him. While one might argue that Bleddyn's claim was merely through his mother [11], his sons invasion of Deheubarth in 1088 seems to have been to stake a claim via their mother. If our identification is correct, she had been born into the ruling branch of the family, while Rhys ap Tewdwr (the king in 1088) descended from a cousin branch which had never before held kingship.[12]


NOTES:
[1] ABT 1(d)
[2] ABT 8(c)
[3] ABT 8(b) calls Haer "ferch Gillyn ap Y Blaidd Rrudd". Peter Bartrum would delete the "ap" to accord with those citations which make her the daughter of Blaidd Rhudd. We think Blaidd Rhudd had a son named Cyllin, a brother of this Haer.
[4] See the paper "The 1039 Battle at Rhyd y Groes" elsewhere on this site
[5] These nephews of Hywel were Maredudd ap Owain (1063-1072) and Rhys ap Owain (1072-1078)
[6] Rhydderch ap Iestyn of Dyfed ruled Deheubarth from 1023 to 1033, when he was reported slain by the Irish. He was probably a first-cousin by marriage of Edwin ap Owain ap Hywel Dda, who was named king in 1023 because Hywel ap Edwin was yet a teenager, By 1033, Hywel was "of full age" for kingship.
[7] See the paper "The Consorts and Children of Gruffudd ap Llewelyn" elsewhere on this site
[8] op cit Note 4 for the story of Eadwine, brother of Earl Leofrig, coming to Deheubarth to aid Hywel ap Edwin and being killed by Gruffudd ap Llewelyn
[9] While two daughters are cited for Rhiwallon, older brother of Bleddyn, no wife is ever named for him. We think it possible the two sons of Cynfyn married two sisters who had grown up as hostages at the Powys royal manor
10) This lady from Twrcelyn in Anglesey was a daughter of Brochwel y Moelwyn ap Aelan, a Gwynedd nobleman. Angharad ferch Brochwel y Moelwyn is elsewhere cited as the mother of Sandde Hardd. It is quite possible this is the same lady who was mother to Iorwerth ap Bleddyn, and that she was not married to the father of either child. We see some evidence to indicate a few well-born Welsh ladies never married, but instead bore children for various men of Lord rank or above. Thus, Iorwerth ap Bleddyn was eithe[r a half-brother of Sandde Hardd or they were first-cousins...sons of sisters.
[11] Bleddyn's mother was Angharad ferch Maredudd ap Owain ap Hywel Dda; Maredudd was king of Deheubarth until his death in 999
[12] Rhys ap Tewdwr was the grandson of Cadell ap Einion ap Owain ap Hywel Dda; whether by early death or other disqualification, neither Cadell nor Tewdwr ever held kingship. Deheubarth kings were of the line of Cadell's brother, Edwin.. Bleddyn ap Cynfyn ap Cynfyn King of Powys was born circa 1025 in Wales. He was the son of Cynfyn ap Gwerystan and Angharad ferch Maredudd ab Owain.
     Bleddyn died in 1075. He fell in battle fighting against the nobles of Carmarthenshire..

     Iwerydd ferch Cynfyn married Edwin Gronwy of Tegeingl, son of Gronwy ab Einion ab Owain (?). Iwerydd ferch Cynfyn was the daughter of Cynfyn ap Gwerystan and Angharad ferch Maredudd ab Owain.

     Nest ferch Cynfyn was born in Wales. She was the daughter of Cynfyn ap Gwerystan and Angharad ferch Maredudd ab Owain.

     Pedr ap Cyngar was the son of Cyngar ap Gwerthefyr.

     Cynwrig Fychan ap Cynwrig was born in Wales. He was the son of Cynwrig ap Hoedlyw.

     Gwerful ferch Cynwrig was the daughter of Cynwrig ap Pasgen.
Gwerful ferch Cynwrig married Iorwerth ap Madog, son of Madog ap Rhirid Flaidd and Efa ferch Philip Ddu, in Wales.

     Jane ferch Cynwrig married Madog ap Cadwgon ap Bleddyn (?), son of Cadwgon ap Bleddyn and Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd ap Cynan. Jane ferch Cynwrig was the daughter of Cynwrig ap Rhiwallon.

     Guida d'Amstall was also known as Guyotte van Amstel in records.
Guida d'Amstall married John d'Egmond on 31 March 1331.
     Guida died circa 1340. See Leo van de Pas website for further information: http://www.genealogics.org/.